abstract：:Recent studies have revealed that epigenetic variation in plant populations exceeds genetic diversity and that it is influenced by the environment. Nevertheless, epigenetic differences are not entirely independent of shared ancestry. Epigenetic modifications have gained increasing attention, because one can now study ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Becker C,Weigel D

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paramutation describes both the process and results of trans-sensing between chromosomes that causes specific heritable changes in gene regulation. RNA molecules are implicated in mediating similar events in maize, mouse, and Drosophila. Changes in both small RNA profiles and cytosine methylation patterns in Arabidops...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Hollick JB

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In plants, a host's responses to an attempted infection include activation of various secondary metabolite pathways, some of which are specific for particular plant phylogenetic clades. Phytochemicals that represent respective end products in plant immunity have been stereotypically linked to antimicrobial properties....

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Bednarek P

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:S-nitrosylation, the covalent attachment of a nitric oxide (NO) moiety to a protein cysteine thiol to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO) is rapidly emerging as a prototypic, redox-based post-translational modification during plant immune function. Here we review recently identified targets for S-nitrosylation and the conseq...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Yu M,Yun BW,Spoel SH,Loake GJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) enable plants to sense non-self molecules displayed by microbes to mount proper defense responses or establish symbiosis. In recent years the importance of PRR subcellular trafficking to plant immunity has become apparent. PRRs traffic through the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) and t...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Beck M,Heard W,Mbengue M,Robatzek S

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant cells sense, weigh and integrate various endogenous and exogenous cues in order to optimize acclimation and resource allocation. The thiol/disulfide redox network appears to be in the core of this versatile integration process. In plant cells its complexity exceeds by far that of other organisms. Recent research...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： König J,Muthuramalingam M,Dietz KJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary metabolism in plants is tightly regulated by environmental factors such as light and nutrient availability at multiple levels. The circadian clock is a self-sustained endogenous oscillator that enables organisms to predict daily and seasonal changes. The regulation of primary metabolism by the circadian clock ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Farré EM,Weise SE

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photorespiration is a Janus-headed metabolic process: it makes oxygenic photosynthesis possible by scavenging its major toxic by-product, 2-phosphoglycolate, but also leads to high losses of freshly assimilated CO(2) from most land plants. Photorespiration has been often classified as a wasteful process but is now inc...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Bauwe H,Hagemann M,Kern R,Timm S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and trans-acting siRNAs (ta-siRNAs), mediate gene expression and epigenetic regulation. While siRNAs are highly diverged, miRNAs and ta-siRNAs are generally conserved but many are differentially expressed between related species and in interspe...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Ng DW,Lu J,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyploidy, or whole genome duplication, is recognized as an important feature of eukaryotic genome evolution. Among eukaryotes, polyploidy has probably had the largest evolutionary impact on vascular plants where many contemporary species are of recent polyploid origin. Genomic analyses have uncovered evidence of at ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Arrigo N,Barker MS

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Residing beneath the phenotypic landscape of a plant are intricate and dynamic networks of genes and proteins. As evolution operates on phenotypes, we expect its forces to shape somehow these underlying molecular networks. In this review, we discuss progress being made to elucidate the nature of these forces and their...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Chae L,Lee I,Shin J,Rhee SY

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key signal transduction role in cells. They are involved in the regulation of growth, development, responses to environmental stimuli and cell death. The level of ROS in cells is determined by interplay between ROS producing pathways and ROS scavenging mechanisms, part of the ROS g...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Suzuki N,Miller G,Morales J,Shulaev V,Torres MA,Mittler R

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review the recent advances on Ca(2+) in tip-growing cells, with a special focus on pollen tubes. New genes for Ca(2+) pumps, channels and sensing proteins have been recently described, with special emphasis on cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) and glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs). We also review the c...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Konrad KR,Wudick MM,Feijó JA

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signals that participate in nearly all aspects of plant growth and development encode information as binary switches or information-rich signatures. They are the result of influx (thermodynamically passive) and efflux (thermodynamically active) activities mediated by membrane transport proteins....

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Spalding EP,Harper JF

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant cell wall provides form and integrity to the cell as well as a dynamic interface between a cell and its environment. Therefore mechanisms capable of policing changes in the cell wall, signaling cellular responses including those that would feedback regulate cell wall properties are expected to play important...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Cheung AY,Wu HM

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation plays a major role in defining cell identity. Analysis of cell type-resolution expression profiling datasets is moving beyond cataloging gene expression patterns to reveal novel biological insights. Recently developed expression maps of the shoot apical meristem and gametophytes can be used ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Taylor-Teeples M,Ron M,Brady SM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among plant-microbe interactions, root nodule symbiosis is one of the most important beneficial interactions providing legume plants with nitrogenous compounds. Over the past years a number of genes required for root nodule symbiosis has been identified but most recently great advances have been made to dissect signal...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Popp C,Ott T

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on effectors secreted by pathogens during host attack has dominated the field of molecular plant-microbe interactions over recent years. Functional analysis of type III secreted effectors injected by pathogenic bacteria into host cells has significantly advanced the field and demonstrated that many function t...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： de Jonge R,Bolton MD,Thomma BP

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insect herbivores have highly diverse life cycles and feeding behaviors. They establish close interactions with their plant hosts and suppress plant defenses. Chewing herbivores evoke characteristic defense responses distinguishable from general mechanical damage. In addition, piercing-sucking hemipteran insects displ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Hogenhout SA,Bos JI

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Omic approaches to the analysis of plant-virus interactions are becoming increasingly popular. These types of data, in combination with models of interaction networks, will aid in revealing not only host components that are important for the virus life cycle, but also general patterns about the way in which different ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Elena SF,Carrera J,Rodrigo G

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As current research activities have focused on symbiotic or parasitic plant-microbe interactions, other types of associations between plants and microorganisms are often overlooked. Endophytic bacteria colonize inner host tissues, sometimes in high numbers, without damaging the host or eliciting strong defense respons...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Reinhold-Hurek B,Hurek T

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial pathogens continue to pose a major threat to economically important plant resources. Disease outbreaks can occur through rapid evolution of a pathogen to overcome host defences. The advent of genome sequencing, especially next-generation technologies, has seen a revolution in the study of plant pathogen evol...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Arnold DL,Jackson RW

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As sessile organisms, plants need to continuously adjust their responses to external stimuli to cope with changing growth conditions. Since the seed dispersal range is often rather limited, exposure of progeny to the growth conditions of parents is very probable. The plasticity of plant phenotypes cannot be simply exp...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Boyko A,Kovalchuk I

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyploidy plays a significant role in the evolution of flowering plants. Understanding the effects of polyploidy on the epigenetic regulation of adaptive traits may resolve questions about the success of polyploids. One such trait, flowering time, has been the subject of several gene expression studies because it has...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Mayfield D,Chen ZJ,Pires JC

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Imprinting occurs in the endosperm of flowering plants. The endosperm, a product of central cell fertilization, is critical for embryo and seed development. Imprinting in the endosperm is mainly due to the inherited differences in gamete epigenetic composition. Studies have also shown that there are differences in gen...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Bauer MJ,Fischer RL

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flooding is one of the most hazardous natural disasters, and there are several levels of flooding. Recently, research on flood-tolerant rice plants revealed that some rice varieties have evolved to overcome two different flood types, 'flash flood' and 'deepwater flood', using two different mechanisms, and their molecu...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Hattori Y,Nagai K,Ashikari M

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) are used to create organismal form and cellular diversity during plant development. In several embryonic and postembryonic contexts, genes that specify cell fates and networks that provide positional information have been identified. The cellular mechanisms that translate this informat...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Paciorek T,Bergmann DC

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of GID1, a soluble receptor for gibberellins (GAs), has revealed new insights into how GA is perceived. X-ray analysis has demonstrated similarities in the tertiary structure of GID1 to hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), and the GA-binding pocket of GID1 corresponds to the active site of HSL. X-ray analysis...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Ueguchi-Tanaka M,Matsuoka M

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of papers in the last year reported major advances in our understanding of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling: the identification of soluble ABA receptors, the elucidation of a core ABA signaling pathway and structural insights into the mechanism of ABA perception and signaling. Here we summarize these advances, w...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Weiner JJ,Peterson FC,Volkman BF,Cutler SR

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling pathways in all organisms consist of series of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events that define directionality and allow different levels of feedback-regulation. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses in recent years have led to a proteome-wide identification of thousands of phosphorylation sites...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Schulze WX

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant biomass used for cellulosic biofuel production is primarily from vegetative tissues. Therefore, an increase in the vegetative growth of plants will lead to a higher production of plant biomass. Recent molecular and genetic studies have identified a number of factors that regulate processes such as vegetative mer...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Demura T,Ye ZH

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deployment of genetically engineered (GE) crops in developing countries is regarded by some as a sinister manifestation of 'big business' in science. What is often overlooked, and sometimes even deliberately ignored by opponents of the technology, is that many researchers working in the field are not motivated by ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Farre G,Ramessar K,Twyman RM,Capell T,Christou P

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stomata are microscopic structures in the epidermis of the aerial parts of flowering plants formed by two specialized guard cells flanking a central pore. The role of stomata is to optimize gas exchange (the uptake of carbon dioxide and the loss of water vapor) to suit the prevailing environmental conditions. To do th...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Casson SA,Hetherington AM

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones that regulate a wide variety of physiological and developmental processes such as shoot and root growth. Cytokinin signaling relies on a phosphorelay mechanism similar to the prokaryotic two-component system. Although the principal components mediating this cascade have been ide...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Perilli S,Moubayidin L,Sabatini S

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquaporins are channel proteins that facilitate the transport of water and small neutral molecules, including gases, across cell membranes of most of the living organisms. Integrative studies have stressed the role of aquaporins in maintaining the whole plant water and nutrient status. Cellular aspects of plant aquapo...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Maurel C,Santoni V,Luu DT,Wudick MM,Verdoucq L

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expansion of gene families for miRNA and tasiRNA, small RNA effector proteins (ARGONAUTEs or AGOs), and miRNA/tasiRNA targets has contributed to regulatory diversity in plants. Loss or acquisition of small RNA-generating loci and target site sequences in multigene families represent striking examples of subfunctio...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Rubio-Somoza I,Cuperus JT,Weigel D,Carrington JC

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In plant innate immunity, the first line of microbial recognition leading to active defence responses relies on the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). This recognition leads to PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Despite the numerous PAMPs recognised by pla...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Zipfel C

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a symbiosis between most terrestrial plants and fungi of the ancient phylum Glomeromycota. AM improves the uptake of water and mineral nutrients, such as phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), of the host plant in exchange for photosynthetically fixed carbon. Successful colonization and a f...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Bucher M,Wegmüller S,Drissner D

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants require calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and sulfur in relatively large amounts (>0.1% of dry mass) and each of these so-called macronutrients is essential for a plant to complete its life cycle. Normally, these minerals are taken up by plant roots from the soil solution in ionic form with t...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Maathuis FJ

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The accumulation of a given element is a complex process controlled by a network of gene products critical for uptake, binding, transportation, and sequestration. Many of these genes and physiological processes affect more than one element. Therefore, to understand how elements are regulated, it is necessary to measur...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Baxter I

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00